Treatment Improvement Exchange - Special Topics

TIPS are the products of a systematic and innovative process bringing together clinicians, researchers, program managers, policymakers, and non-Federal experts to reach a consensus on various state-of-the-art treatment practices. For many TIPS, specialized publications including quick guides for clinicians and administrators and knowledge application programs for clinicians have also been developed. Most all of these publications can be ordered free-of-charge through NCADI at http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/ or by calling (800) 729-6686.

TIP 45: Detoxification and Substance Abuse Treatment (TIP 45)
This TIP provides clinicians with the latest information on detoxification: the physiology of withdrawal, pharmacologic advances in the management of withdrawal, patient placement procedures and managing detoxification services within comprehensive systems of care. The publication emphasizes that by itself, detoxification does not constitute complete substance abuse treatment, and it identifies the necessity for linking patients in detoxification with substance abuse treatment services. TIP 45 is a revision of TIP 19, Detoxification From Alcohol and Other Drugs. Gender-specific information is provided throughout the document and there is a specific section on considerations during pregnancy. A quick guide and a knowledge application program are also available for clinicians. NCADI inventory number: BKD541 http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=17398

Substance Abuse Treatment for Adults in the Criminal Justice System (TIP 44)
This TIP presents clinical guidelines to help substance abuse treatment counselors address issues that arise from their clients’ status in the criminal justice system. In addition, it will aid personnel in the criminal justice system in understanding and addressing the challenges of working with offenders with substance use disorders. This new TIP replaces three earlier TIPs: TIP 7, Screening and Assessment for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Among Adults in the Criminal Justice System; TIP 12, Combining Substance Abuse Treatment With Intermediate Sanctions for Adults in the Criminal Justice System; and TIP 17, Planning for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment for Adults in the Criminal Justice System. The chapter on Adapting Offender Treatment for Specific Populations contains a section on women’s treatment issues including abuse, self-esteem, parenting and job skills. A quick guide and a knowledge application program are also available for clinicians. NCADI inventory number: BKD526. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=17183

Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons With Co-Occurring Disorders (TIP 42). This TIP provides information about new developments in the rapidly growing field of co-occurring substance use and mental disorders and captures the state of the art in the treatment of people with co-occurring disorders. The TIP contains chapters on terminology, assessment, treatment strategies and models, and an overview of specific mental disorders and cross-cutting issues, such as suicidality and nicotine dependence. The TIP’s appendices provide additional information on topics such as specific mental disorders, emerging models of treatment, common medications, screening and assessment instruments, dual recovery mutual self-help programs, and other resources for consumers and providers, as well as confidentiality issues. NCADI inventory number: BKD515. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=16979

Substance Abuse Treatment and Family Therapy (TIP 39). This TIP addresses how substance abuse affects the entire family and how substance abuse treatment providers can use principles from family therapy to change the interactions among family members. The TIP provides basic information about family therapy for substance abuse treatment professionals and basic information about substance abuse treatment for family therapists. The TIP presents the models, techniques, and principles of family therapy, with special attention to the stages of motivation as well as to treatment and recovery. Discussion also focuses on clinical decision-making and training, supervision, cultural considerations, special populations, funding, and research. The TIP identifies future directions for both research and clinical practice. NCADI inventory number: BKD504. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=16892

Integrating Substance Abuse Treatment and Vocational Services (TIP 38). This publication introduces vocational services and resources, and presents clinical issues related to integrating vocational services into a substance abuse treatment plan. It also discusses policy and funding, and a legal chapter explains the recent regulation that affects employment and substance abuse disorder treatment. This TIP is intended for providers of substance abuse treatment services. However, it can also be of use to vocational rehabilitation (VR) staff, social service workers, and all who are involved in arranging for and providing vocational and substance abuse treatment services. NCADI inventory number: BKD381. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/bkd381/

Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons with Child Abuse and Neglect Issues (TIP 36). Child abuse and neglect post in increasingly recognized and serious threat to the nation's children. Research suggests that adults with histories of child abuse and neglect are at high risk for developing substance abuse disorders. Compounded with these problems is the increase likelihood of substance-abusing parents abusing their own children. By most accounts, substance abuse contributes to almost three fourths of the incidents of child abuse or neglect for children in foster care. NCADI inventory number: BKD343. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/BKD343/

Treatment of Adolescents with Substance Use Disorders (TIP 32). This TIP presents information on substance use disorder treatment for adolescent clients. Adolescents differ from adults physiologically and emotionally as they make the transition from child to adult and require treatment adapted to their needs. In order to treat this population effectively, treatment providers must address the issues that play significant roles in an adolescent's life, such as cognitive, emotional, physical, social, and moral development, and family and peer environment. The TIP focuses on ways to specialize treatment for adolescents, as well as on common and effective program components and approaches being used today. NCADI inventory number: BKD307. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/BKD307/

Screening and Assessing Adolescents for Substance Use Disorders (TIP 31). Substance use can disrupt a young person's ability to meet developmental tasks and impair identity development, a central theme of adolescence. This TIP presents information on identifying, screening, and assessing substance use in adolescents. Since adolescents differ from adults physiologically and emotionally, it is important for professionals who come into regular contact with youth to recognize the signs of substance use. The TIP focuses on the most current procedures and instruments for detecting substance abuse among adolescents, conducting comprehensive assessments, and beginning treatment planning. NCADI inventory number: BKD306. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/BKD306/

Substance Abuse Treatment and Domestic Violence (TIP 25). Designed for treatment providers, this TIP presents an introduction to domestic violence. It offers providers information about the role of substance abuse in domestic violence--both among men who batter and women who are battered. Useful techniques for detecting and eliciting such information are supplied along with ways to modify treatment to ensure victims' safety and to stop the cycle of violence in both parties' lives. Legal issues are discussed and a blueprint is provided for an integrated system of care. NCADI inventory number: BKD239. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/BKD239/

Combining Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Treatment with Diversion for Juveniles in the Justice System (TIP 21). This TIP covers substance abuse treatment-focused diversion program goals, diversion program collaboration, and juvenile diversion to substance abuse treatment planning. NCADI inventory number: BKD169. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/bkd169/

Improving Treatment for Drug-Exposed Infants (TIP 5). Guidelines and standards of care in monitoring and evaluating programs treating drug-exposed infants are examined in this report. NCADI inventory number: BKD110. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/bkd110/

Pregnant, Substance-Using Women (TIP 2). This report defines guidelines that reflect state-of-the-art scientific and clinical knowledge on effective treatment practices and care for pregnant addicts. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/bkd107/

Technical Assistance Protocols (TAPs)

TAPS are compilations from various Federal, State, programmatic, and clinical sources that provide practical guidance and information related to the delivery of treatment services to individuals with alcohol and drug abuse disorders.

Navigating the Pathways – Lessons and Promising Practices in Linking Alcohol and Drug Services with Child Welfare (TAP 27). This TAP offers a unique perspective on the growing contacts across the divide that too often prevents child welfare and substance abuse agencies from working together as closely as they need to in order to help children and families affected by substance abuse. Using a ten-element framework to measure the capacity of agencies to work as partners on the substance abuse needs of child welfare services clients, this TAP describes seven sites from around the Nation that have implemented programs for families in the child welfare system with substance use disorders. NCADI inventory number BKD436. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=16193

Identifying Substance Abuse Among TANF-Eligible Families (TAP 26). As a result of Welfare Reform in 1997, State and local governments have new requirements, including time limits, for moving families from welfare to work. For some families, the transition has been difficult, and one of the complicating factors is chemical abuse and dependency. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) applicants and participants are reluctant to admit problems with substance use because of the stigma associated with it, fear of sanctions and referral to child welfare authorities. This publication addresses these and related issues, and helps TANF administrators to understand the issues involved in identification of substance abuse among this population. NCADI inventory number: BKD410. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=15968

Impact of The Impact of Substance Abuse Treatment on Employment Outcomes Among AFDC Clients in Washington State (TAP 25). Assessment of the effect of substance abuse treatment on employment outcomes and earnings among AFDC clients admitted to treatment in Washington State. Illustration of the potential for States to use data from State administrative databases for tracking client outcomes and conducting timely evaluation research. NCADI inventory number: BKD367T. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=15918

Welfare Reform and Substance Abuse Treatment Confidentiality: General Guidelines for Reconciling Need to Know and Privacy (TAP 24). This report provides guidance in resolving issues, faced by alcohol and drug agencies, substance abuse treatment providers, and welfare officials, related to the confidentiality of patient/client information. http://www.treatment.org/Taps/Tap24.pdf

Substance Abuse Treatment for Women Offenders, Guide to Promising Practices (TAP 23). Services for women offenders are fragmented or absent all across the country, and funds are scare for developing the comprehensive networks of community services that women need. Many new programs to treat women have been started or are planned in correctional systems across the country. This guide describes many such promising and creative strategies. NCADI inventory number BKD410. http://www.treatment.org/Taps/Tap23.pdf

Treatment for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse: Opportunities for Coordination (TAP 11). This publication contains an exhaustive review of the need for and benefit of systemic coordination among State, legislative, public health, criminal justice, and social service entities in order to provide a continuum of comprehensive treatment services. http://www.treatment.org/Taps/Tap11/tap11toc.html

Related Training Materials

Data Analyses and Reports from SAMHSA’s Office of Applied Studies (OAS)

OAS (http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/) provides the latest national data on 1) alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and other drug abuse, 2) drug related emergency department episodes and medical examiner cases and 3) the nation’s substance abuse treatment system. There are a multitude of OAS reports available – below we highlight, in chronological order, reports from the last five years that pertain to women, children and families.

For a listing of all OAS reports on substance abuse and women, go to http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/women.htm. To find OAS data on a specific topic, go to OAS' topics website at http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/topics.cfm You can always get to the topics website by clicking on "Topics" on the OAS banner at the top of most OAS web pages. You can also get data on specific drugs by clicking on "Drugs" on the OAS banner. You can get to the treatment topics at the Topics page or by clicking on "Treatment" on the footer of most OAS web pages. You can also access OAS reports by SAMHSA’s matrix of program priorities (http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/matrix.cfm).

The NSDUH Report: Gender Differences in Alcohol Use and Alcohol Dependence or Abuse: 2004 and 2005 (August 2, 2007). This report examines differences in past month alcohol use and past year alcohol dependence or abuse based on annual averages based on combined 2004 and 2005 NSDUH data. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k7/AlcGender/AlcGender.cfm

The DASIS Report: Facilities Offering Special Treatment Programs or Groups, 2005 (June 14, 2007).This 3-page short report, based on SAMHSA's Drug and Alcohol Services Information System (DASIS), provides data on the types of special programs offered by the various types of care facilities reported to SAMHSA’s National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS). These special treatment services include specially designed treatment programs for adolescents, clients with co-occurring substance abuse and mental disorders, criminal justice clients, persons with HIV or AIDS, gays or lesbians, pregnant or postpartum women, adult women, adult men, seniors or older adults, and persons arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs (DUI) or driving while intoxicated (DWI). A total of 13,371 substance abuse treatment facilities responded to the 2005 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services and 83% of them offered at least one special program or group addressing particular needs of specific client types. http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k7/ServicesTX/servicesTX.cfm

The NSDUH Report: Youth Activities, Substance Use and Family Income (April 19, 2007). Based on the findings of the 2005 NSDUH, this report examines the associations between past year youth activities, past month substance use, and family income among youths aged 12 to 17. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k7/youthActs/youthActs.htm

The DASIS Report: Hispanic Female Admissions in Substance Abuse Treatment: 2005 (April 13, 2007). This short report, based on 2005 TEDS data, provides data on the primary drug of abuse for overall Hispanic female substance abuse treatment admissions as well as for those of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, and other Hispanic origin.http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k7/latinaTX/latinas.cfm

The DASIS Report: Adolescent Treatment Admissions by Gender, 2005 ( May 24, 2007). This short report describes characteristics of admissions aged 12 to 17 by gender, primary substance of abuse, race/ethnicity, age at admission, and source of referral to substance abuse treatment. The data show t eenage girls tend to enter addiction treatment at a younger age than boys and are more likely to be primary users of alcohol or inhalants, whereas boys are most likely to report that marijuana is their favorite drug. Girls also were more likely (23 percent vs. 18 percent) to have a co-occurring psychiatric disorder. The study found that marijuana was the most common drug of abuse for both male (72 percent) and female (51 percent) teens in treatment, but girls differed from boys in a number of significant ways. The study found that 23 percent of girls were admitted to treatment for alcohol, compared to 16 percent of male teens. Inhalants were the primary substance abused by 12 percent of girls, but only 4 percent of boys. http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k7/youthTX/youthTX.cfm

The NSDUH Report: Depression and the Initiation of Alcohol and Other Drug Use among Youths Aged 12 to 17 (May 3, 2007). This short report, based on SAMHSA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), presents not only the prevalence among youth of major depressive episode and the initiation of alcohol or illicit drug use, but also data indicating that youth with depression are more likely to start using alcohol and/or illicit drugs. http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k7/newUserDepression/newUserDepression.cfm

he NSDUH Report: Cigarette Use among Pregnant Women and Recent Mothers (February 9, 2007). This report examines cigarette use among three categories of women aged 15 to 44: (1) pregnant women, (2) recent mothers, and (3) women who were not pregnant and not recent mothers. Pregnant women are defined as women who were pregnant at the time of the survey. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k7/pregCigs/pregCigs.cfm

Results of the 2005 National Survey on Drug Use & Health (September 2006). National findings released with data for pregnant women and by gender on a variety of topics relating to alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use and mental health problems. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/nsduh/2k5nsduh/2k5results.htm

Misuse of prescription drugs: Data from the 2002, 2003, and 2004 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (2006). This report presents NSDUH data from 2002, 2003, and 2004 on the nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutic drugs. It includes data on gender differences, gender and age differences and by pregnancy status. (Colliver, J. D., Kroutil, L. A., Dai, L., & Gfroerer, J. C., DHHS Publication No. SMA 06-4192, Analytic Series A-28). http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/prescription/TOC.htm

The DASIS Report: Facilities Offering Special Programs or Groups for Women (Issue 35, 2006). This report provides data on substance abuse treatment facilities that offer specially designed treatment programs or groups for adult women and pregnant or postpartum women. The data is from the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS), an annual survey of all known public and private treatment facilities in the U.S.http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k6/womenTx/womenTX.cfm

The DASIS Report: Methamphetamine/Amphetamine Treatment Admissions in Urban and Rural Areas, 2004 (Issue 27, 2006). This short report presents the latest available data on rates, demographics, route of administration and frequency of use for methamphetamine/amphetamine admissions by treatment location. The data source is SAMHSA’s Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS). http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k6/methRuralTX/methRuralTX.cfm The NSDUH Report: Academic Performance and Substance Use among Students Aged 12 to 17 (2002, 2003, & 2004) (Issue 18, 2006. This report examines the differences in self-reported academic performance (i.e., average grades in the last semester or grading period) among students aged 12 to 17 by gender, age, and substance use. All findings are annual averages based on combined 2002, 2003, and 2004 NSDUH data. http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k6/academics/academics.cfm

The DASIS Report. Trends in Methamphetamine/Amphetamine Admissions to Treatment: 1993-2003 (Issue 9, 2006). This study documents the growing rate of treatment admissions for methamphetamine in this 10-year period. In addition to data on the number of treatment admissions for methamphetamine as a primary and secondary substance, it includes information such as geographic distribution, demographics (age, gender, ethnicity), route of administration and other characteristics. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k6/methTx/methTX.cfm

The NSDUH Report: S ubstance Use and Employment among Youths Aged 15 to 17 (Issue 8, 2006). This report focuses on past week employment and any past month use of alcohol, past month binge alcohol use, and past month use of any illicit drug among youths aged 15 to 17. It provides data on employment and substance use by demographic characteristics, as well as information on hours worked and employer drug testing. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k6/employedYouth/employedYouth.cfm

Women in Substance Abuse Treatment: Results from the Alcohol and Drug Services Study (ADSS) (2005). This study presents an in-depth analysis of substance abuse treatment clients and facilities, with a special focus on women. First, an introduction provides a brief history of how gender has been addressed in previous substance abuse treatment studies, along with an overview of current data about gender differences. Next, a literature review summarizes current information about substance abuse treatment programming for women. Then, results from analyses of data from a nationally representative sample of substance abuse treatment facilities and treatment clients from ADSS provide new insights into gender differences among substance abuse treatment clients, the availability of substance abuse treatment programming for women, and the extent to which women-focused services are associated with treatment retention. Finally, a discussion of the findings suggests implications and future research. (Brady, T.M & Ashley, O.S., Eds., DHHS Publication No. SMA 04-3968, Analytic Series A-26). http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/WomenTX/WomenTX.htm

The NSDUH Report: Substance Abuse and Dependence among Women (August 5, 2005). This report focuses on substance use and substance abuse or dependence among women aged 18 or older using the 2003 NSDUH data. It includes data on prevalence, demographics, marital and living with children. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k5/women/women.cfm

The NSDUH Report: Substance Use During Pregnancy: 2002 and 2003 Update (June 2, 2005). This report examines illicit drug, alcohol, and cigarette use among pregnant and nonpregnant women aged 15 to 44 using combined annual averages from 2002 and 2003 NSDUH data. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k5/pregnancy/pregnancy.cfm

The DASIS Report: A Comparison of Female and Male Treatment Admissions: 2002 (May 20, 2005). This report examines similarities and differences for women and men admitted to treatment using data from the 2002 Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS). Topics include primary drug of abuse, referral source, demographic characteristics and source of payment. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k5/genderTX/genderTX.cfm

The NSDUH Report: Mothers Serious Mental Illness and Substance Use Among Youth (May 13, 2005). This report focuses on the association between mother's serious mental illness and substance use among youths aged 12 to 17 using data from the NSDUH. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k5/motherSMI/motherSMI.htm

The NSDUH Report: Substance Use and Need for Treatment Among Youths Who Have Been in Foster Care (February 18, 2005). This report looks at the need for and receipt of substance abuse treatment among youths aged 12 to 17 who have been in foster care. It provides comparisons of past year alcohol and illicit drug use and need for treatment among youth who have ever been in foster care and those who have not. http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k5/FosterCare/FosterCare.cfm

The NSDUH Report: Female Youths and Delinquent Behaviors (November 5, 2004). This report provides information from the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) on the percentage of females aged 12-17 who engaged in delinquent behaviors in the past year. It includes data on the prevalence of fighting, stealing, selling drugs, carrying a handgun, and substance abuse. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/girlDelinquents/girlDelinquents.cfm

The NSDUH Report: Gender Differences in Substance Dependence and Abuse (October 29, 2004.) This report, based on the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), looks at substance use, abuse, and dependence among males and females across age groups and includes figures on marital status, living with children and employment status. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/genderDependence/genderDependence.cfm

The DASIS Report: Adolescent Treatment Admissions 1992 and 2002 (October 2004). This report looks at treatment admissions between 1992 and 2002 for adolescents aged 12-17. It includes figures on primary substance, demographic characteristics, referral source, type of criminal justice referral, and services received. http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/youthTX/youthTX.cfm

The DASIS Report: Characteristics of Homeless Female Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment: 2002 (October 8, 2004). This report provides the following information regarding homeless females admitted to treatment in 2002: primary substance of abuse, demographic characteristics (e.g., age, race/ethnicity), socioeconomic characteristics (e.g., employment status), and treatment characteristics (e.g., referral source, treatment setting, prior treatment episodes). http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/femHomeless/femHomeless.cfm

Length of Stay Among Female Clients in Substance Abuse Treatment (September 2004). This chapter in Health Services Utilization by Individuals with Substance Abuse and Mental Disorders, 2002 , discusses the association between predisposing characteristics (age, race, and education), enabling characteristics (referral source and payment source), and organizational characteristics (availability of child care services and women-only facilities) and LOS among adult female substance abuse treatment clients. It uses data from the Alcohol and Drug Services Study (ADSS), a nationally representative study designed to collect data about substance abuse treatment facilities, clients in treatment, and posttreatment status. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/HSR/ch6.htm

The DASIS Report: Pregnant Women in Substance Abuse Treatment: 2002 (September 2004). This report provides data from the 2002 Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) on women aged 15-44 years old who reported they were pregnant at admission. It includes data on primary substance, socioeconomic characteristics, age of admission, health insurance states, and service setting, and compares pregnant admissions to nonpregnant female admissions. http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/pregTX/pregTX.cfm

The DASIS Report: Marital Status of Women Aged 25-44, 2002 (July 2004). This report provides data from the 2002 Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) on female admissions in three marital status categories: never married, currently married, and formerly married. It includes data on primary substance, prior treatments, source of referral, and employment. http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/marriedTX/marriedTX.cfm

The NSDUH Report: Adults with Co-Occurring Serious Mental Illness and a Substance Use Disorder (June 2004). This brief report provides figures on prevalence of co-occurring disorders, receipt of mental health and specialty substance use treatment, and perceived unmet treatment need. It finds that among adults with co-occurring disorders, women were more likely to receive mental health treatment in the past year than men. http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/coOccurring/coOccurring.cfm

The NSDUH Report: Marital Status and Substance Abuse Among Women (May 2004). This brief report provides figures on the marital status of women, substance abuse among women by marital status, and whether any children were living in the home. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/married/married.htm

The NSDUH Report: Alcohol Dependence or Abuse Among Parents with Children Living in the Home (February 13, 2004). This brief report focuses on the characteristics of respondents aged 18 or older who reported that they have at least one child living in the home with them (parents). It highlights characteristics of alcohol-dependent or alcohol-abusing parents, other substance abuse by these parents, and reported household turbulence. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k4/ACOA/ACOA.cfm

The DASIS Report: Women in Treatment for Smoked Cocaine: 2000 (September 2003). This report provides data from the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) that indicate that in 2000, more than a decade after the introduction of crack cocaine, smoked cocaine was the primary substance of abuse for 14 percent of all adult women admitted to substance abuse treatment. Smoking was the route of administration for 77 percent of all adult women entering treatment for primary use of cocaine. The report covers trends in admissions for smoked cocaine, demographics on those women entering treatment for primary use of smoked cocaine, duration of use and prior treatments, secondary substances used, and initiation of use. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k3/FemCrack/FemCrack.htm

The NHSDA Report: Children Living with Substance Abusing or Substance Dependent Parents (June 2003). This brief report provides a snapshot of the biological, step, adoptive and foster children living with mothers and/or fathers who use or abuse alcohol or other drugs. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k3/children/children.cfm

The DASIS Report: Dually Diagnosed Female Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions: 1999 (October 2002). This short report provides the following data on female admissions with dual diagnosis: primary substance of abuse, race/ethnicity, age and marital status, age at first use and duration of abuse, and number of prior treatment episodes, employment status and referral source. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k2/FemDualTX/FemDualTX.cfm

The NHSDA Report: Substance Use Among Persons in Families Receiving Government Assistance (April 2002). This short report provides a snapshot of individuals receiving government assistance (e.g., TANF, food stamps, SSI) who report substance use in the past month. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k2/GovAid/GovAid.cfm

The DASIS Report: Pregnant Women in Substance Abuse Treatment (May 2002). This report provides the following data on pregnant women in treatment: primary substance of abuse, sociodemographics, health insurance coverage, type of treatment services, and source of referral to treatment. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k2/pregTX/pregTX.cfm

Children at Risk Because of Parental Substance Abuse. This chapter, which is part of a larger collection of analyses of important substance abuse issues conducted by OAS, estimates the number of children potentially affected by parental substance use and abuse. Based on the large number of children estimated to be living in households with a parent who uses illicit drugs, meets criteria for substance dependence or shows a need for illicit drug abuse treatment, this study concluded that a substantial number of children are at risk because of parental drug use. http://oas.samhsa.gov/NHSDA/Treatan/treana08.htm

Screening and Assessment for Family Engagement, Retention, and Recovery (SAFERR) (2007). This new guidebook by the National Center for Substance Abuse and Child Welfare (NCSACW) presents the SAFERR model for helping staff of public and private agencies respond to families in the child welfare system who are affected by substance use disorders. It serves as a tool that child welfare caseworkers can use to screen parents for potential substance use disorders in order to make decisions about children’s safety. (Young, N.K., Nakashian, M, Yeh, S. & Amatetti, S., DHHS Pub. No. (SMA) 07-4261.) This publication can be accessed electronically at www.ncsacw.samhsa.gov . Additional free copies are available by calling NCADI at 1-800-729-6686 or the National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect at 1-800-394-3366.

On the MOVE: Helping Young Adults with Serious Mental Health Needs Transition into Adulthood (June 2007). This brief presents findings and future directions from an initiative to develop and implement transition programs for adolescents with mental and emotional difficulties as they enter adulthood. Produced by SAMHSA’s Partnership for Youth Transition (PYT) Initiative, it provides a snapshot of five PYT-funded sites in Maine, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Utah, and Washington. Topics include the unique challenges of moving from adolescence to adulthood for adolescents and young adults diagnosed with a serious emotional disturbance or serious mental illness, matching services to the needs of adolescents and young adults, and the Transition to Independence Process Model. Data and preliminary findings from cross-sectional analyses of the PYT projects are presented. Federal and state policy recommendations and lists of resources and contacts are also included. The report is available at http://www.connectforkids.org/PYT_brief.pdf.

Preventing Underage Drinking: Using Getting To Outcomes with the SAMHSA Strategic Prevention Framework to Achieve Results. (2007). This guide, p repared for SAMHSA by the RAND Corporation, is designed to take communities through the process of planning, implementing, and evaluating strategies to prevent underage drinking and youth access to alcohol. The guide is structured according to SAMHSA’s Strategic Prevention Framework, a five-step prevention approach. Within the five steps, the guide adopts the Getting To Outcomes model of empowerment evaluation, results-based accountability, and continuous quality improvement. The result is a comprehensive, step-by-step manual for developing, implementing, and evaluating a high-quality communitywide plan to prevent underage drinking and its related consequences. Recommendations include the development of educational strategies for parents, adolescents, and alcohol merchants; attracting the involvement of civic leaders; working to reform legislation governing underage access to alcohol; and training law enforcement officials to be vigilant but safe in their efforts to police underage drinking in the community. (Imm, P., Chinman, M., Wandersman, A., Rosenbloom, D. Guckenburg, S. & Leis, R., Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation.

Reach to Teach: Educating Elementary and Middle School Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (2006). Reach to Teach is a valuable resource for parents and teachers to use in educating elementary and middle school children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). It provides a basic introduction to FASD and provides tools to enhance communication between parents and teachers. Teachers and other staff can reach out to the child, using specific classroom strategies, detailed in the booklet, to assist learning. The booklet also includes various forms that parents, students, and teachers can use to create consistent routines for students; communicate strengths, challenges, and successful techniques; and assist with individual educational plan (IEP) meetings and child study team meetings. Electronic copies of the booklet can be downloaded from SAMHSA’s FASD Center for Excellence Web site: www.fasdcenter.samhsa.gov/. Printed copies can be ordered free of charge from NCADI at 800-729-6686, 1-800-487-4889 (TTD) or http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/. DHHS Pub. No. SMA-4222.

SAMHSA Report to Congress on the Prevention and Treatment of Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorders and Mental Disorders (2002). This report, mandated by Congress, outlines the scope of the problem, current treatment approaches, best practice models, and prevention efforts for individuals with co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders. http://www.samhsa.gov/reports/congress2002/

CSAP's Regional Alcohol and Drug Awareness Resource (RADAR) Network: Fall 2003 Directory (January 2002). The Network is the largest substance abuse prevention and treatment infrastructure consisting of (1) State clearinghouses, (2) prevention resource centers, (3) Department of Education Comprehensive Education Centers, and (4) National, international, and local organizations supporting substance abuse prevention activities. The network consists of four types of centers - State, Specialty, Associate, and International - all of which are listed in this directory.

Effectiveness and Sustainability of Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Programs for Pregnant and Parenting Women. This paper summarizes outcome findings from an evaluation of residential treatment projects funded by the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT), in the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, under its Residential Women and Children and Pregnant and Postpartum Women demonstration programs.To Download a PDF copy of this article,please click here.

The Residential Women and Children (RWC) and Pregnant and Postpartum Women (PPW) National Cross-Site Demonstration Programs – Series of Fact Sheets (March 2003). This series of brief fact sheets developed by Caliber Associates highlights findings from the independent project evaluations of 26 RWC and 24 PPW 5-year demonstration projects funded by CSAT.

Telling Their Stories: Reflections of the 11 Original Grantees that Piloted Residential Treatment for Women & Children for CSAT (2001). This report summarizes the experiences and accomplishments of the original Residential Women and Children's (RWC) grantees. These projects allowed families to live and work together to overcome parental substance abuse and its effects as well as to build better lives for themselves. The report describes what arrangements were necessary to initiate services, how day-to-day operations were conducted, and what resources were tapped to continue the projects after the grants ended.

Lessons Learned: Residential Substance Abuse Treatment. The Center for Substance Abuse Treatment implemented the Residential Treatment for Women and Their Children (RWC) program and the Residential Treatment for Pregnant and Postpartum Women (PPW) program to develop treatment models responsive to those needs. To help others develop or enhance treatment programs, numerous PPW and RWC project directors, evaluators, and clinicians have related their experiences and lessons learned in this book. To download the PDF document please click here

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders by the Numbers (April 18, 2007) Using statistics, this fact sheet describes the extent of FASD in the populations, the significance of the problem, as well as the challenges in collecting data on FASD. It provides statistics that paint a picture of women at risk of giving birth to children with an FASD. Finally, the fact sheet illustrates the problems faced by people with an FASD. Inventory Number: SMA06-4236. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=17635

Effects of Alcohol on Women (April 18, 2007). Drinking alcohol affects women differently than it does men and carries greater risks for those women who drink heavily. This fact sheet describes those risks and discusses the special risks for women who drink while pregnant and the risks for their babies. Inventory Number: SMA06-4244. Available in PDF format. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=17638

A Collection of NIDA Notes Articles That Address Women and Gender Differences Research (June, 2006). This collection covers a wide range of issues and includes such topics as the relationship between victimization, violence, and drug abuse in women; issues affecting drug treatment for females; drug use during pregnancy; and gender differences in drug effects and patterns of drug use. The collection is updated regularly. Available at: http://www.drugabuse.gov/NIDA_Notes/NN0013.html

Methadone Treatment for Pregnant Women (February 27, 2006). If you are pregnant and using drugs, it’s important that you get help for yourself and your unborn baby. This brochure explains how methadone maintenance treatment can help you stop using drugs and answers questions about methadone. A list of important resources is provided. Inventory Number: PHD1125. https://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/ProductDetails.aspx?ProductID=17329

What is Substance Abuse Treatment? A Booklet for Families and Friends (February 1, 2006). This booklet provides basic information to family members and friends about substance abuse treatment and early recovery, what to expect when a family member or friend enters treatment, what is happening in the early stages of treatment, and what a family member or loved one is experiencing while he or she is away from the family. This publication can be ordered free-of-charge through NCADI by calling (800) 729-6686 and requesting inventory number BKD503 or at http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/ProductDetails.aspx?ProductID=16890

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD): The Basics (CD Rom) (December 1, 2005). This mini CD—consisting of slides and accompanying notes—provides the latest and most accurate information on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders or FASD. The CD includes essential facts on what FASD is, how it’s caused, how many people have it, and much more. Inventory Number: AVD224. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=17296

Treatment Approaches for Women (May 4, 2005). Substance use disorders present serious and unique health concerns for women. Unfortunately, few available services specifically address these needs. This program will examine how treatment services are changing to help women successfully navigate the road to recovery. It also explores other issues that can affect their recovery such as child care, co-occurring disorders, and domestic violence. You can view the Webcast online free of charge by clicking on the link below or purchase the videotape or DVD.
Download Windows Media Player. View the Webcast https://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/ProductDetails.aspx?ProductID=1706. Inventory Number: VHS206

Drinking and Your Pregnancy (American Indian version) (March 1, 2005). When a pregnant woman drinks alcohol, it affects her baby. This brochure explains fetal alcohol syndrome, answers frequently asked questions, and offers a contact list to go to for help and information. Inventory Number: PH411. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=17174

Alcohol Can Harm the Way Your Baby Learns and Behaves (flyer) (February 1, 2005). T his booklet warns pregnant women that alcohol consumption during pregnancy can lead to problems for their babies that cannot be cured. It provides contact information for SAMHSA’s Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Center for Excellence Information Resource Center. Inventory Number: AV245 https://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/ProductDetails.aspx?ProductID=16936

Alcohol Alert No. 62: Alcohol - An Important Women's Health Issue (July 2004). This edition of the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism’s Alcohol Alert addresses alcohol and how it is an important women’s health issue. Discussed are how adolescence alcohol misuse sets the stage for adult alcohol misuse, what alcohol can do to a woman’s reproductive system, and how alcohol affects older women. Inventory Number: PH406. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=16919

Children’s Program Toolkit (June 2003). This kit provides materials for substance abuse treatment programs so they can initiate educational support programs for the children of their clients. It also contains information for therapists to distribute to their clients to help parents understand the needs of their children. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/promos/coa/

Starting Early Starting Smart (SESS) Training Package to Foster Nurturing Parent-Child Relationships. This training package, available through NCADI, is designed to prepare family service workers and their supervisors to nurture strong parent-child relationships through the use of video. Developed through collaboration between SAMHSA and Casey Family Programs, the SESS initiative supports the integration of substance abuse and mental health services into primary health care and early childhood settings in which children ages 0 to 6, their families and caregivers are served. The complete four-module training package includes two VHS tapes, and CD with PowerPoint presentation, and a notebook-ready facilitator manual with a detailed outline and materials for each of four training sessions. Preview the videos online, or download the manual and related publications by visiting http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/promos/sess/publications.asp. To order the complete training package at a cost of $43.50, call NCADI at (800) 729-6686 and ask for inventory number CR68. Both videos are also available without the printed manual and CD for $25.00.

Prevention Alert: 25% of U.S. Children Are Exposed to Household Alcohol Abuse (April 18, 2003). Developed by CSAP, Prevention Alert is a twice-monthly feature on a topic of urgency in the substance abuse prevention field that is distributed to prevention specialists. http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/prevalert/v6/5.aspx

Helping Yourself Heal - A Recovering Woman's Guide to Coping with the Effects of Childhood Abuse Issues (April 1, 2003). This brochure accompanies Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons With Child Abuse and Neglect Issues, #36 in the Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) series. It addresses the feelings women in substance abuse treatment may experience, defines childhood abuse, lists symptoms of abuse, and gives suggestions on how to deal with childhood abuse issues while in treatment. A list of additional resources is included. You can view the materials in PDF format at http://download.ncadi.samhsa.gov/prevline/pdfs/phd981.pdf. Inventory Number: PHD981. http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=16509

Cocaine's Effects on Cerebral Blood Flow Differ Between Men and Women (June 2002). In this issue of NIDA Notes (Vol. 17, No. 2), the Director's column discusses NIDA's efforts to expand research on the complex role of gender differences in drug addiction. The lead article describes a study offering insight into why women in the premenstrual (highest estrogen) phase may suffer less brain damage from chronic cocaine abuse than do men. The issue also describes a 10-year study finding that high-risk sexual behavior, not needle sharing and other injection behaviors, is the primary predictor of HIV infection for male and female injection drug users. Available at: http://www.drugabuse.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol17N2/

Helping Children Exposed to Substance Abuse, Mental Illness, and Violence (Spring 2002). The lead story in SAMHSA News (vol. 10, No. 2) reports on SAMHSA’s Cooperative Agreement to Study Children of Women with Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Disorders Who Have Histories of Violence. The study seeks to identify models of care for the field that will prevent or reduce the intergenerational perpetuation of violence, substance abuse, and mental illnesses and reduce the effect of violence in the lives of children whose mothers have co-occurring mental and addictive disorders and histories of trauma. Available at: http://www.samhsa.gov/SAMHSA_NEWS/archive02.asp

Parents @ Work: A Free Program for Employers to Help Working Parents (July 2002). Designed for employers, this brochure highlights the National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign and instructs employers on how to become involved. The campaign offers employers an easy way to provide free youth drug prevention resources to parents at work. To order, please call NCADI at 1-800-729-6686, or access its electronic catalog at http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=16315. Inventory Number: CSAT/PHD941.

Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy Associated With Negative Toddler Behavior and Early Smoking Experimentation (April 2001). The lead story of this issue of NIDA Notes (Vol. 16, No. 1) reports on research indicating that maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with toddler negativity and early smoking experimentation by children. Available at: http://www.drugabuse.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol16N1/Index.html

It's Not Your Fault (2001). This trifold brochure provides action steps that children of alcoholics can take while coping with a substance-abusing parent. A “Facts You Should Know” section is also included. To order, please call NCADI at 1-800-729-6686, or access its electronic catalog at http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=16041Inventory Number: MS732.

CSAP Substance Abuse Resource Guide: Children of Alcoholics (2000). This guide lists resources and organizations that can provide help to COAs (both adults and children, their parents), and prevention, treatment, and intervention professionals. NCADI is currently out of stock for this resource guide, but you can access it at http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/ms417/.

CSAP Substance Abuse Resource Guide: Violence Against Women (2000). This resource guide presents recent research findings and information on the relationship of alcohol and substance abuse to violence against women, include battering, murder, stalking behaviors, rape, and sexual assault. NCADI is currently out of stock of this resource guide, but you can access it at http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/ms715/.

Alcohol Use Among Girls - Fact sheet from F030 (2000). This SAMHSA Fact sheet contains information on: Prevalence of alcohol use in girls, Some risk factors for girls who use alcohol, Why do males and females respond differently to alcohol? To order, please call NCADI at 1-800-729-6686, or access its electronic catalog at http://ncadistore.samhsa.gov/catalog/productDetails.aspx?ProductID=15722Inventory number: RP0993. You can also access it at http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/rpo993/.

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Treatment Improvement Protocols (TIPs)

Technical Assistance Protocols (TAPs)

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Data Analyses and Reports from SAMHSA’s Office of Applied Studies (OAS)

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